Explanation

Argument Recap:

Premises:

1. Restaurants that routinely record names, addresses, and menu selections are pizzerias.

   • Diagram: Record names/addresses/menu selections→Pizzeria.

2. Pizzerias can categorize customers into regular, average, and infrequent.

   • Diagram: Pizzerias→Can categorize customers.

Conclusion:
Pizzerias utilize direct-mail marketing more effectively than other restaurants.

Assumption Needed:
If a restaurant can categorize customers (as pizzerias can), it must use direct-mail marketing more effectively. This bridges the gap between categorization and effective direct-mail marketing.

Answer Choices:

(A) Restaurants other than pizzerias cannot easily identify regular, average, and infrequent customers.

Incorrect. This eliminates competition for pizzerias but does not directly establish the link between categorizing customers and utilizing direct-mail marketing more effectively. It is not the sufficient assumption.

(B) For restaurants, utilizing direct-mail marketing requires the names, addresses, and menu selections of at least some customers.

Incorrect. This is a necessary assumption because it ensures direct-mail marketing depends on recording data, but it does not establish that categorization directly leads to effective use of direct-mail marketing, which is required for the conclusion.

(C) For restaurants, the identification of regular, average, and infrequent customers generally involves recording the names, addresses, and menu selections of at least some customers.

Incorrect. This supports the premise that pizzerias record data to categorize customers, but it does not connect categorization with utilizing direct-mail marketing more effectively. It fails to link the premises to the conclusion.

(D) Utilizing direct-mail marketing is rarely beneficial for restaurants that cannot identify regular, average, and infrequent customers.

Incorrect. This establishes that categorization might be helpful for marketing, but it does not affirm that pizzerias, which categorize, utilize direct-mail marketing more effectively than others. The gap between categorization and effectiveness remains unaddressed.

(E) Restaurants that routinely record names, addresses, and menu selections of their customers always utilize direct-mail marketing more effectively than do any other restaurants.

Correct! This directly connects the premise (pizzerias routinely record data) to the conclusion (pizzerias use direct-mail marketing more effectively). It provides the missing link by ensuring that the ability to categorize customers translates to more effective direct-mail marketing.